Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains that the leading cause of Western mortality. Scientists have the fact that heart disease occur in persons apparantly free of factors such as high blood presure, smoking, and high cholesterol. The accounts for these heart disease may lie not merely in physiology but in behavior. In the last 30 years, scientists has held steadfastly to the hypothesis that the way people think, feel, and act as they cope with the daily stresses of life can have a profound effect on their hearts. These researchers have discerned common traits, behavioral responses, and stress reactions that appear to be associated with increased risk for heart disease.
In Western, the unhealthy common traits or lifestyle is one of the factors which increased risk for the heart disease. For example, their habits like consume the junk food which have higher level of cholestherol. Beside that, they also use the nicotine and alcohol for drugs. They consume the unhealthy food and lack of exercises. And it can affect the high blood presure, obesity, diabetes, and so on which can contribute the heart disease.
Behavioral response from the people have an important role to keep the heart feel normal or not. A person faced with a particular situation assesses it to determine whether it calls for anything special, that is, he or she interprets the event. These mental responses lead the individual to take the action the situation requires. This behavioral response may be calm or, if the situation is perceived as highly demanding and upsetting, it may be associated with negative emotions such as irritation or anxiety.How people response something influence the heart beat. So, if we response too emotional or the others negative sign, it can affect the heart disease.
And the last is stress reactions. Stress reactions have the same main idea with the behavioral response. The stress hormones cause the heart to pump harder and faster. If the blockage in the coronary arteries is severe enough, the heart may reach a point where its work cannot be supported by the amount of blood that can pass through them. Moreover, while thestress hormones cause a normal, healthy artery to dilate—that is, open wider to allow more blood to pass—they may cause an artery that is diseased by
blockage to constrictor become narrower, reducing the flow of blood even further. As an example, when the blockage reaches 90 percent, the constriction caused by the stress hormones during a stress response and the blood platelets mobilized by the hormones during this response can actually cause the remaining 10 percent to be closed off, resulting in a heart attack.
In conclusion, the accounts for heart disease is not just in physiology but in behavior. The factors which increased the risk for heart disease is common traits, behavioral response and stress reactions. Stress in itself is not necessarily a negative condition; in fact, it can have positive effects, giving individuals an added “edge” to do their best in challenging situations. But it can be detrimental if it is not handled
properly.
Friday, March 14, 2008
Heart Disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains that the leading cause of Western mortality. Scientists have the fact that heart disease occur in persons apparantly free of factors such as high blood presure, smoking, and high cholesterol. The accounts for these heart disease may lie not merely in physiology but in behavior. In the last 30 years, scientists has held steadfastly to the hypothesis that the way people think, feel, and act as they cope with the daily stresses of life can have a profound effect on their hearts. These researchers have discerned common traits, behavioral responses, and stress reactions that appear to be associated with increased risk for heart disease.
In Western, the unhealthy common traits or lifestyle is one of the factors which increased risk for the heart disease. For example, their habits like consume the junk food which have higher level of cholestherol. Beside that, they also use the nicotine and alcohol for drugs. They consume the unhealthy food and lack of exercises. And it can affect the high blood presure, obesity, diabetes, and so on which can contribute the heart disease.
Behavioral response from the people have an important role to keep the heart feel normal or not. A person faced with a particular situation assesses it to determine whether it calls for anything special, that is, he or she interprets the event. These mental responses lead the individual to take the action the situation requires. This behavioral response may be calm or, if the situation is perceived as highly demanding and upsetting, it may be associated with negative emotions such as irritation or anxiety.How people response something influence the heart beat. So, if we response too emotional or the others negative sign, it can affect the heart disease.
And the last is stress reactions. Stress reactions have the same main idea with the behavioral response. The stress hormones cause the heart to pump harder and faster. If the blockage in the coronary arteries is severe enough, the heart may reach a point where its work cannot be supported by the amount of blood that can pass through them. Moreover, while thestress hormones cause a normal, healthy artery to dilate—that is, open wider to allow more blood to pass—they may cause an artery that is diseased by
blockage to constrictor become narrower, reducing the flow of blood even further. As an example, when the blockage reaches 90 percent, the constriction caused by the stress hormones during a stress response and the blood platelets mobilized by the hormones during this response can actually cause the remaining 10 percent to be closed off, resulting in a heart attack.
In conclusion, the accounts for heart disease is not just in physiology but in behavior. The factors which increased the risk for heart disease is common traits, behavioral response and stress reactions. Stress in itself is not necessarily a negative condition; in fact, it can have positive effects, giving individuals an added “edge” to do their best in challenging situations. But it can be detrimental if it is not handled
properly.
In Western, the unhealthy common traits or lifestyle is one of the factors which increased risk for the heart disease. For example, their habits like consume the junk food which have higher level of cholestherol. Beside that, they also use the nicotine and alcohol for drugs. They consume the unhealthy food and lack of exercises. And it can affect the high blood presure, obesity, diabetes, and so on which can contribute the heart disease.
Behavioral response from the people have an important role to keep the heart feel normal or not. A person faced with a particular situation assesses it to determine whether it calls for anything special, that is, he or she interprets the event. These mental responses lead the individual to take the action the situation requires. This behavioral response may be calm or, if the situation is perceived as highly demanding and upsetting, it may be associated with negative emotions such as irritation or anxiety.How people response something influence the heart beat. So, if we response too emotional or the others negative sign, it can affect the heart disease.
And the last is stress reactions. Stress reactions have the same main idea with the behavioral response. The stress hormones cause the heart to pump harder and faster. If the blockage in the coronary arteries is severe enough, the heart may reach a point where its work cannot be supported by the amount of blood that can pass through them. Moreover, while thestress hormones cause a normal, healthy artery to dilate—that is, open wider to allow more blood to pass—they may cause an artery that is diseased by
blockage to constrictor become narrower, reducing the flow of blood even further. As an example, when the blockage reaches 90 percent, the constriction caused by the stress hormones during a stress response and the blood platelets mobilized by the hormones during this response can actually cause the remaining 10 percent to be closed off, resulting in a heart attack.
In conclusion, the accounts for heart disease is not just in physiology but in behavior. The factors which increased the risk for heart disease is common traits, behavioral response and stress reactions. Stress in itself is not necessarily a negative condition; in fact, it can have positive effects, giving individuals an added “edge” to do their best in challenging situations. But it can be detrimental if it is not handled
properly.
Heart Disease
Heart disease is a serious problem in western country. In 2007, it is leading the cause of death in
That four risk factor caused by unhealthy life (being lifestyle for most American) then make the heart work abnormal. Smoking make the heart work hard because the blood be involved with poison from the cigarettes. Eating unhealthy food like fast food or instant food increasing cholesterol, fat and diabetes. Plus lack of exercise make the possibility raise by attacked of heart disease. All of the source is unhealthy lifestyle. Many people feels hard to leave their bad lifestyle, but life with a health way always possible to every people and depend on awareness of each people self.
People can reduce the risk of heart disease with four steps:
1. 1. Control the blood pressure
2. 2. Lower the cholesterol
3. 3. Do not smoke
4. 4. Get enough exercise
The Heart Disease
If you're like most people, you think that heart disease is a problem for other folks. But heart disease is the number one killer in the U.S. Heart disease can attack everyone. Heart Disease kills women and man.
If you’re women, you must be carefull about heart disease. Actually heart disease is the leading cause of death of women in the
Many factors may contribute to heart disease. Heart disease in men and women can be controlled and helped by control your cholesterol because high cholesterol is a top risk factor regarding heart disease in men and women., stop smoking, sport, and doing anything wih happy.
---Erqurani HM (10604076)
Task 3
Heart Disease
Heart disease is a hypernym for many kind of different types diseases that affect the heart. Some types of common heart disease are coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, inflammatory heart disease, stroke, and congenital heart disease.
Heart disease is a disease that causing death for both men and women all over the world. The risk factor that contribute to this disease is unhealthy lifestyle, like workaholic, smoking both active or passive, consuming high cholesterol food, drinking alcohol, stress, less of exercise
Now a days, heart disease is the leading cause of death in western society. Like we can see in America, American heart association estimated that 80,700,000 American adults which means one in three have one or more types of cardiovascular disease, 16,000,000 (about 8,700,000 men and 7,300,000 women) Among adults age 20 and older, get the coronary heart disease, and 5,800,000 (about 2,300,000 males and 3,400,000 females) among adults age 20 and older, are stroke. These all happened because the lifestyle of the western society is supporting the risk factor of heart disease.
Annisa Ramdhaningtias (10604080)
Risk Factors for the Heart Disease
Risk factors for the Heart Disease
Extensive clinical and statistical studies have identified several factors that increase the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attack. Major risk factors are those that research has shown significantly increase the risk of heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Other factors are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but their significance and prevalence haven't yet been precisely determined. They're called contributing risk factors. Some of them can be modified, treated or controlled, and some can’t.
These following paragraphs discuss the major risk factors we can modify, treat or control by changing your lifestyle or taking medicine.
Tobacco smoke — Smokers' risk of developing coronary heart disease is 2–4 times that of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking is a powerful independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease; smokers have about twice the risk of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking also acts with other risk factors to greatly increase the risk for coronary heart disease. People who smoke cigars or pipes seem to have a higher risk of death from coronary heart disease (and possibly stroke) but their risk isn't as great as cigarette smokers'. Exposure to other people's smoke increases the risk of heart disease even for nonsmokers.
High blood cholesterol — As blood cholesterol rises, so does risk of coronary heart disease. When other risk factors (such as high blood pressure and tobacco smoke) are present, this risk increases even more. A person's cholesterol level is also affected by age, sex, heredity and diet.
High blood pressure — High blood pressure increases the heart's workload, causing the heart to thicken and become stiffer. It also increases your risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure and congestive heart failure. When high blood pressure exists with obesity, smoking, high blood cholesterol levels or diabetes, the risk of heart attack or stroke increases several times.
Physical inactivity — An inactive lifestyle is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Regular, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity helps prevent heart and blood vessel disease. The more vigorous the activity, the greater your benefits. However, even moderate-intensity activities help if done regularly and long term. Physical activity can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure in some people.
Obesity and overweight — People who have excess body fat — especially if a lot of it is at the waist — are more likely to develop heart disease and stroke even if they have no other risk factors. Excess weight increases the heart's work. It also raises blood pressure and blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and lowers HDL ("good") cholesterol levels. It can also make diabetes more likely to develop. Many obese and overweight people may have difficulty losing weight. But by losing even as few as 10 pounds, you can lower your heart disease risk.
Diabetes mellitus — Diabetes seriously increases your risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Even when glucose (blood sugar) levels are under control, diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, but the risks are even greater if blood sugar is not well controlled. About three-quarters of people with diabetes die of some form of heart or blood vessel disease. If you have diabetes, it's extremely important to work with your healthcare provider to manage it and control any other risk factors you can.
These following paragraphs discuss the major risk factors that can't be controlled.
Increasing age — Over 83 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 or older. At older ages, women who have heart attacks are more likely than men are to die from them within a few weeks.
Male sex (gender) — Men have a greater risk of heart attack than women do, and they have attacks earlier in life. Even after menopause, when women's death rate from heart disease increases, it's not as great as men's.
Heredity (including Race) — Children of parents with heart disease are more likely to develop it themselves. African Americans have more severe high blood pressure than Caucasians and a higher risk of heart disease. Heart disease risk is also higher among Mexican Americans, American Indians, native Hawaiians and some Asian Americans. This is partly due to higher rates of obesity and diabetes. Most people with a strong family history of heart disease have one or more other risk factors. Just as you can't control your age, sex and race, you can't control your family history. Therefore, it's even more important to treat and control any other risk factors you have.
These following paragraphs discuss the other factors contribute to heart disease risk
Individual response to stress may be a contributing factor. Some scientists have noted a relationship between coronary heart disease risk and stress in a person's life, their health behaviors and socioeconomic status. These factors may affect established risk factors. For example, people under stress may overeat, start smoking or smoke more than they otherwise would.
Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure, cause heart failure and lead to stroke. It can contribute to high triglycerides, cancer and other diseases, and produce irregular heartbeats. It contributes to obesity, alcoholism, suicide and accidents.The risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol (an average of one drink for women or two drinks for men per day) is lower than in nondrinkers. One drink is defined as 1-1/2 fluid ounces (fl oz) of 80-proof spirits (such as bourbon, Scotch, vodka, gin, etc.), 1 fl oz of 100-proof spirits, 4 fl oz of wine or 12 fl oz of beer. It's not recommended that nondrinkers start using alcohol or that drinkers increase the amount they drink.
Extensive clinical and statistical studies have identified several factors that increase the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attack. Major risk factors are those that research has shown significantly increase the risk of heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Other factors are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but their significance and prevalence haven't yet been precisely determined. They're called contributing risk factors. Some of them can be modified, treated or controlled, and some can’t.
These following paragraphs discuss the major risk factors we can modify, treat or control by changing your lifestyle or taking medicine.
Tobacco smoke — Smokers' risk of developing coronary heart disease is 2–4 times that of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking is a powerful independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease; smokers have about twice the risk of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking also acts with other risk factors to greatly increase the risk for coronary heart disease. People who smoke cigars or pipes seem to have a higher risk of death from coronary heart disease (and possibly stroke) but their risk isn't as great as cigarette smokers'. Exposure to other people's smoke increases the risk of heart disease even for nonsmokers.
High blood cholesterol — As blood cholesterol rises, so does risk of coronary heart disease. When other risk factors (such as high blood pressure and tobacco smoke) are present, this risk increases even more. A person's cholesterol level is also affected by age, sex, heredity and diet.
High blood pressure — High blood pressure increases the heart's workload, causing the heart to thicken and become stiffer. It also increases your risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure and congestive heart failure. When high blood pressure exists with obesity, smoking, high blood cholesterol levels or diabetes, the risk of heart attack or stroke increases several times.
Physical inactivity — An inactive lifestyle is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Regular, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity helps prevent heart and blood vessel disease. The more vigorous the activity, the greater your benefits. However, even moderate-intensity activities help if done regularly and long term. Physical activity can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure in some people.
Obesity and overweight — People who have excess body fat — especially if a lot of it is at the waist — are more likely to develop heart disease and stroke even if they have no other risk factors. Excess weight increases the heart's work. It also raises blood pressure and blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and lowers HDL ("good") cholesterol levels. It can also make diabetes more likely to develop. Many obese and overweight people may have difficulty losing weight. But by losing even as few as 10 pounds, you can lower your heart disease risk.
Diabetes mellitus — Diabetes seriously increases your risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Even when glucose (blood sugar) levels are under control, diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, but the risks are even greater if blood sugar is not well controlled. About three-quarters of people with diabetes die of some form of heart or blood vessel disease. If you have diabetes, it's extremely important to work with your healthcare provider to manage it and control any other risk factors you can.
These following paragraphs discuss the major risk factors that can't be controlled.
Increasing age — Over 83 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 or older. At older ages, women who have heart attacks are more likely than men are to die from them within a few weeks.
Male sex (gender) — Men have a greater risk of heart attack than women do, and they have attacks earlier in life. Even after menopause, when women's death rate from heart disease increases, it's not as great as men's.
Heredity (including Race) — Children of parents with heart disease are more likely to develop it themselves. African Americans have more severe high blood pressure than Caucasians and a higher risk of heart disease. Heart disease risk is also higher among Mexican Americans, American Indians, native Hawaiians and some Asian Americans. This is partly due to higher rates of obesity and diabetes. Most people with a strong family history of heart disease have one or more other risk factors. Just as you can't control your age, sex and race, you can't control your family history. Therefore, it's even more important to treat and control any other risk factors you have.
These following paragraphs discuss the other factors contribute to heart disease risk
Individual response to stress may be a contributing factor. Some scientists have noted a relationship between coronary heart disease risk and stress in a person's life, their health behaviors and socioeconomic status. These factors may affect established risk factors. For example, people under stress may overeat, start smoking or smoke more than they otherwise would.
Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure, cause heart failure and lead to stroke. It can contribute to high triglycerides, cancer and other diseases, and produce irregular heartbeats. It contributes to obesity, alcoholism, suicide and accidents.The risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol (an average of one drink for women or two drinks for men per day) is lower than in nondrinkers. One drink is defined as 1-1/2 fluid ounces (fl oz) of 80-proof spirits (such as bourbon, Scotch, vodka, gin, etc.), 1 fl oz of 100-proof spirits, 4 fl oz of wine or 12 fl oz of beer. It's not recommended that nondrinkers start using alcohol or that drinkers increase the amount they drink.
Factors causing heart disease in western society
Heart disease is a structural or functional abnormality of cardiovascular system, which might be caused of several factors. Those factors can be divided into two major factors such as behavioral risk factors and unavoidable risk factors. Behavioral risk factors associated with heart disease such as; fatty diet, lack of exercise, alcohol consume and smoking. On the other hand, aging and family history are unavoidable risk factor. This assay will discuss the factors that may associate with heart disease in western society.
In the western society, scientists found heart disease were mainly due to behavioral risk factors. People who normally haven’t a heart disease risk genetically, nevertheless take daily risks by smoking or eating unhealthily. Eating unhealthy diet on which contain high cholesterol may increase the risk of vascular disease, due to the ability of cholesterol to clog arteries. Similar to lack of exercise, it can cause heart disease in which associate with accumulation of the cholesterol. Smoking also increases the risk of stroke by 50 percent attributable to coronary heart failure. In addition, heavy drinking can damage heart muscles in which distract the process of pumping blood.
Although, heart disease was associated mainly with behavioral risk, a strong family history of heart disease and age factor still put a patient at high risk. For example, a woman does exercise every day and careful about her diet, nevertheless she got heart attack in 43 years old. It might be caused of inherited genetically from both of her parents. Then, scientists have identified that age also be part of the cause heart disease. In addtion, the probability of stroke increases as people get older, with those over age 65 at greatest risk.
Nevertheless, some scientists believe that stress reactivity plays an important key role in development of heart disease. They inquired the fact that many heart attacks occur in persons apparently free of risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking and high cholesterol. They assumed that undeniably stressful condition of western society might contribute in causing heart disease. These could be explained by excessive unleashed of hormones and fatty fuels during stress response give rise to high blood pressure thus increased the risk of cardiovascular disease.
In conclusion, all the factors that increase the blood cholesterol and blood pressure, associated with heart disease. The factors may affect so much for some people, but may be those don’t give any effect for the others. Furthermore, people can decrease the risk of heart disease by keeping their healthy life style.
In the western society, scientists found heart disease were mainly due to behavioral risk factors. People who normally haven’t a heart disease risk genetically, nevertheless take daily risks by smoking or eating unhealthily. Eating unhealthy diet on which contain high cholesterol may increase the risk of vascular disease, due to the ability of cholesterol to clog arteries. Similar to lack of exercise, it can cause heart disease in which associate with accumulation of the cholesterol. Smoking also increases the risk of stroke by 50 percent attributable to coronary heart failure. In addition, heavy drinking can damage heart muscles in which distract the process of pumping blood.
Although, heart disease was associated mainly with behavioral risk, a strong family history of heart disease and age factor still put a patient at high risk. For example, a woman does exercise every day and careful about her diet, nevertheless she got heart attack in 43 years old. It might be caused of inherited genetically from both of her parents. Then, scientists have identified that age also be part of the cause heart disease. In addtion, the probability of stroke increases as people get older, with those over age 65 at greatest risk.
Nevertheless, some scientists believe that stress reactivity plays an important key role in development of heart disease. They inquired the fact that many heart attacks occur in persons apparently free of risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking and high cholesterol. They assumed that undeniably stressful condition of western society might contribute in causing heart disease. These could be explained by excessive unleashed of hormones and fatty fuels during stress response give rise to high blood pressure thus increased the risk of cardiovascular disease.
In conclusion, all the factors that increase the blood cholesterol and blood pressure, associated with heart disease. The factors may affect so much for some people, but may be those don’t give any effect for the others. Furthermore, people can decrease the risk of heart disease by keeping their healthy life style.
Heart Disease in Western Society.
Based on a research, heart disease have caused more than 60 million deaths in
Western societies are hard workers, discipline and workaholics. They really appreciate professionalism. Their work habit is ignoring their health. Sometimes, to fulfill work target, they often forget having lunch, rest and are under pressure. They always eat same lunch which is containing high cholesterol. Because of this life style, they have high risk to get heart disease.
The best solution to prevent heart disease in western societies is changing their lifestyle. First is changing eating habit. They must have breakfast, lunch and dinner on time and the menus should be different each time, containing enough macro and micronutrient and less cholesterol. They also have to avoid cigarettes and alcohol. Then to prevent overweight they should have regular physical exercises, minimum twice a week.
In conclusion, we must be care about our health even though we are very busy and have so many jobs. Eat on time with health menu, don’t be stress, do physical exercise regularly, far away from smoking and alcohol are the solution to prevent heart disease in Western society.
Heart Disease
Heart disease is a number one killer at United States, disorder that kills many people more than a number of war victims in the world. It is killing one person every 34 second in the United States. As of 2007, it is the leading cause of death also in England and Wales.
Heart disease is a term use to mention a heart disorder. In fact, heart disease not only involves the heart, but also blood vessels. There are many different forms of heart disease. Coronary heart disease is a disease of the heart caused by the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium. Cardiomyopathy is the deterioration of the function of the myocardium for any reason. Cardiovascular disease is a specific disease that affects the heart itself and the blood vessel system, especially the veins and arteries leading to and from the heart. Ischaemic heart disease is another disease of the heart itself, characterized by reduced blood supply to the organ. Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure (CHF), and congestive cardiac failure (CCF), is a condition that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the heart to fill with or pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body. Hypertensive heart disease, heart disease caused by high blood pressure, especially localized high blood pressure. Inflammatory heart disease involves inflammation of the heart muscle and/or the tissue surrounding it. Valvular heart disease is any disease process involving one or more valves of the heart.
Some people are born with heart disease. You will have a greater chance of having heart disease if a close relative has had it, especially brothers, sisters, or parents. The chances could increase significantly if more than one close relative has had heart disease. For example, African Americans have more severe high blood pressure than Caucasians and a higher risk of heart disease.
Heart disease kills a lot of American because of their life style. American loves fast food. It is not a god diet. It might be contain a lot of cholesterol. As blood cholesterol rises, so does risk of coronary heart disease. Fast food also causes obesity and overweight. People who have excess body fat are more likely to develop heart disease and stroke even if they have no other risk factors. Excess weight increases the heart's work. It also raises blood pressure and blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and lowers HDL or good cholesterol levels.
Another factors that might be caused a heart disease are tobacco smoke and alcohol. Smokers' risk of developing coronary heart disease is 2–4 times that of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking is a powerful independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease. Exposure to other people's smoke could increases the risk of heart disease even for nonsmokers. Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure, cause heart failure and lead to stroke. The risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol is lower than in nondrinkers.
The chances of having a heart attack could be reduce by knowing the risk factors for heart disease. We might be do a health life style by stop smoking, doing enough exercises, and taking a medical check up regularly to control the blood pressure and cholesterol.
Mutia Ardelia (10604054)
Heart disease is a term use to mention a heart disorder. In fact, heart disease not only involves the heart, but also blood vessels. There are many different forms of heart disease. Coronary heart disease is a disease of the heart caused by the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium. Cardiomyopathy is the deterioration of the function of the myocardium for any reason. Cardiovascular disease is a specific disease that affects the heart itself and the blood vessel system, especially the veins and arteries leading to and from the heart. Ischaemic heart disease is another disease of the heart itself, characterized by reduced blood supply to the organ. Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure (CHF), and congestive cardiac failure (CCF), is a condition that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the heart to fill with or pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body. Hypertensive heart disease, heart disease caused by high blood pressure, especially localized high blood pressure. Inflammatory heart disease involves inflammation of the heart muscle and/or the tissue surrounding it. Valvular heart disease is any disease process involving one or more valves of the heart.
Some people are born with heart disease. You will have a greater chance of having heart disease if a close relative has had it, especially brothers, sisters, or parents. The chances could increase significantly if more than one close relative has had heart disease. For example, African Americans have more severe high blood pressure than Caucasians and a higher risk of heart disease.
Heart disease kills a lot of American because of their life style. American loves fast food. It is not a god diet. It might be contain a lot of cholesterol. As blood cholesterol rises, so does risk of coronary heart disease. Fast food also causes obesity and overweight. People who have excess body fat are more likely to develop heart disease and stroke even if they have no other risk factors. Excess weight increases the heart's work. It also raises blood pressure and blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and lowers HDL or good cholesterol levels.
Another factors that might be caused a heart disease are tobacco smoke and alcohol. Smokers' risk of developing coronary heart disease is 2–4 times that of nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking is a powerful independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease. Exposure to other people's smoke could increases the risk of heart disease even for nonsmokers. Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure, cause heart failure and lead to stroke. The risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol is lower than in nondrinkers.
The chances of having a heart attack could be reduce by knowing the risk factors for heart disease. We might be do a health life style by stop smoking, doing enough exercises, and taking a medical check up regularly to control the blood pressure and cholesterol.
Mutia Ardelia (10604054)
Solar Cell for our daily electricity source
In our daily life, there are many kinds of electric device such as lamp, radio, television, computer, etc. Those devices need an electric source, without electric source it won’t work properly. In Indonesia there are some places that still don’t have an electric source, because those places too far from the electric station. So people who lives there can’t feel the benefit from using electric device, it is so pity. In Indonesia there are some cities that can’t use the electricity 24hours/day, because electric source is limited. It became limited because the energy source can’t produce electric source as much as people need. So people need to find an alternative energy source that can produce electric source.
There are so many energy alternative that already researched by scientists such as a Solar Cell. Solar Cell can absorb sunbeam and convert it into an electric current. Because of that we can say that Solar Cell is one of the electric source energy. Solar cell can produce more electricity if it gets more sunbeams. So the use of solar cell is more convenient in area that has much of sunbeams. As we know that Indonesia is located in equator line, so it is profitable for us to use solar cell as an electric source for our daily life.
However the efficiency of solar cell still low it can only convert 20-30% the energy of the sunbeam into electricity, it should develop to increase the efficiency. Not only that, the making of solar cell is difficult. For now on, the price of solar cell is still higher than we use conventional electric reactor such as PLN.
Conclusion, Solar cell can be use for an alternative energy, and it is very convenient for using in Indonesia, because Indonesia is located in equator line so it have much sunbeam. Even though it still needs more development for the efficiency, but it is a good alternative energy.BASIC SCIENCE vs APPLIED SCIENCE. Which one is worthier?
In most of industries, there is always a research and development (R&D) division. Most of them are funded by their government (public support), their own company or by another sponsors (private support). Regarding the big amount of money needed by the division, comes an industry which names research evaluation industry. The main job of the research evaluation industry is to decide whether the R&D’s scientific research are worthwhile to do, because their sponsors are looking for profit of their own investment. However, most of people still believe that the profit can be achieved only if the research has practical applications. I believe, that theoretical scientific research is not only worthwhile if it only has practical applications for industry and society as a whole. Even tough, applied science seems more realistic for the society compare to basic science; theoretical scientific research.
Firstly, there are slight differences among basic science (theoretical scientific research) and applied science. Basic science is truly motivated by curiosity, while applied science is designed to answer specific questions. Therefore, basic science is more like creating a ‘new method’, while applied science is developing the ‘old method’. By this definition, it will be clear that basic science will lead to satisfy curiosity and fundamental understanding of mankind. In the other hand, applied science will lead to individual products and hence generate economic returns—this is the common reason why does theoretical scientific research is only worthwhile if it has practical applications.
Moreover, the economic argument above stresses applied science as a form of investment for the future, and raises the questions of what the rate of return on such investment is, while people neglect the role of basic science as a creating the ‘new method’.
In conclusion, theoretical scientific research exists because the need of curiosity, while applied science exists because the need of real and useful products. The economic sentiment drive us to concern more about the applied science, but we cant stop and forget the development of basic science as a true and natural habit to understand things around us. Also, basic science offer a lot of benefits such as expanding the knowledge, developing new techniques, training in problem-solving, etc.
how virus infect its host ?
How virus infect the host? This is one of the question that people want to know. This question could answered by a virus named bacteriaphage. Bacteriaphage is the virus which is not infect human, animal or plant cell. This virus found by two scientist, Frederick W Twort and Felix d'Herelle. Because of their invented people more understand about virus and how its infect the cell. bacteriaphage has a simple structure and its host bacteria , for example Eschereria coli also has a simple structure if we compare to the animal or plant cells.
how bacteriaphage infect bacteria cell? There is three phase for this virus to infect the bacteria cell. The first phase is absorbtion and penetration phase. In this phase, virus's terminal tail attach / absorb to bacteria's cell wall and then virus release some enzyme which penetrate bacteria cell wall. Then, virus release its genomic information called DNA / RNA into bacteria cell.
Second phase is called replication and assambling phase. This phase is marked by new virus synthesize, its happen when virus gene information was controlled bacteria metabolic process to produce virus nucleic acid.
The last phase is called lisis phase. This phase is marked by the exploded of bacteria's cell, it happen when virus produce more new virus then it makes bacteria cell explode and release new viruses. When new viruses release to environment, it will infect other cell bacteria and start the phase over again.
how bacteriaphage infect bacteria cell? There is three phase for this virus to infect the bacteria cell. The first phase is absorbtion and penetration phase. In this phase, virus's terminal tail attach / absorb to bacteria's cell wall and then virus release some enzyme which penetrate bacteria cell wall. Then, virus release its genomic information called DNA / RNA into bacteria cell.
Second phase is called replication and assambling phase. This phase is marked by new virus synthesize, its happen when virus gene information was controlled bacteria metabolic process to produce virus nucleic acid.
The last phase is called lisis phase. This phase is marked by the exploded of bacteria's cell, it happen when virus produce more new virus then it makes bacteria cell explode and release new viruses. When new viruses release to environment, it will infect other cell bacteria and start the phase over again.
Thursday, March 13, 2008
Women’s lifestyle and Coroner Heart
People say that Heart disease is always suffered by men, but that’s statement is not right. Heart disease is often suffered by women now. This disease of course related by their lifestyle, especially American Women. Based on women’s emancipation, American Women is inclined to have the same lifestyle with the men, such as about the job. In the fact, women who work every day have a high level in their stress and stress can change their lifestyle to the direction of bad lifestyle (bad health). They will not pay attention what they food, what they done. As we know, American food is domination by fast foods. In the fact, fast foods contain of high fat, high cholesterol. So, we will find American women have a problem with overweight, even obesity. Their habits, such as drunker, smoker make them have a bad health.
Women are at risk for heart disease, just like men. In 2001, American cardiologists’s research say that heart disease is leading cause of death among women over 65. American Women are 4 to 6 times more likely to die of heart disease than of breast cancer. Heart disease kills more women over 65 than all cancer combined. Women develop heart problem later in life than men, typically 7 or 8 years later. However, by about age 65, a woman’s risk is almost the same as a man’s.
Coronary heart disease is one of variety of heart disease. Coronary heart disease is causing by plugging of coronary artery. Coronary artery which pumps the blood from heart to the heart muscle, can not do the job. There are many plaque covered the blood vessel, especially coronary artery. The plaque consist of cholesterol and other substances which dissolve in blood, such as calcium, protein, fats, etc. Initialy, the substances and cholesterol dissolve in blood. The blood is pumped from heart to the body. When it’s pumped, there is a substance to be left behind the blood vessel (coronary artery). The plaque will begins large and when it happens, the coronary artery is difficult to channel the blood to the body and the blood can not be pumped. The condition is known as atherosclerosis. Heart will work very hard to pump the blood.
Other research in 1988-1994, American cardiologists say that women have coronary heart disease in 20-24 year, to be amount of 2,8%, when they are over 75, it will be increase until 16,1%. Therefor, women have a big chance to have increasing risk of coronary heart disease, when they begin old. In reproduction time, women have fewer chance than men. It has ratio 1:7, but when women in menopause age, they have the same risk with men. There are the different of heart disease in women and men. It relates with hormone. When women are in the menopause age, the body will begin to decrease the production of estrogen hormone. It causes increasing the risk of coronary heart disease. We know that estrogen hormone gives protection for our heart from coronary heart disease. (C. Straczec, et.al, 2005)
The Heart disease
Bismillah…
Heart disease is a term to describe an abnormality function of the heart. There are many types of heart disease, based on which part of heart that has disorder. The cardiac arrhymias is an abnormal patterns of heart electrical activity that indicating abnormal contractions of heart. The coronary artery disease is the obstruction of coronary circulation, that supply blood to the heart itself, and causing heart attack. The heart attack itself is a condition in which the coronary circulation becomes blocked and the heart muscles cells die because oxygen starvation. The heart failure is a condition in which the heart weakens and its tissues suffer from oxygen and nutrient deprivation. The valvular heart disease (VHD) is a condition caused by abnormal functioning of one of the heart valves.
Heart disease is number one killer at
Many African Americans, Mexico Americans, American Indians, native
The Preventive and protective of these disease is: to control our blood pressure regularly, lower your cholesterol with eat right, don't smoke, and get enough exercise.
Gilang K. 10604052
Heart Disease and Causes
Heart disease is a scary disease in the world. Many people in the world die because of heart disease. Per year, more than 478000 Americans die because of heard disease in United States , and in the world peoples who get heart disease keep on increases. Many factor cause people to get heart disease, such as smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol, obesity, drinking alcohol, stressful situations, people who are not active, age, gender and many more.
In a biology manner, heart disease can happen when coronary arteries which nourish the heart with oxygen rich blood are pressed. It could be happen when coronary arteries become blocked by atheroma (plak who block coronary arterise which form by cholesterol, calcium and many more substance who be piles or stacks on coronary arteries). Besides of atheroma, coronary arteries are pressed also can happen by trombus (congeal blood(thrombosis cell) are causes wound on coronary arteries). Pressed Coronary arteries also caused by external factor.
The causes of pressed coronary arteries are:
1.Smoking. Because the flow of the chemical substance from cigarette at artery can make thrombosits become sticky and form clumps.
2.Consuming food which have high fat. Because fat can be cholesterol and cholesterol will be plak on coronary arteries.
Alcohol also influences heart disease. People who drinking too much alcohol have a greater risk of heart attack, because alcohol can raise blood pressure, and increasing of blood pressure makes heart work faster, not work as usually.
People who are not active also have a greater risk of heart attack than do people who exercise regularly. Reason, exercise regularly can helps to control cholesterol levels. Old people and man have a greater risk of heart than young people and women. But, young people and women also have a heart attack.
In a biology manner, heart disease can happen when coronary arteries which nourish the heart with oxygen rich blood are pressed. It could be happen when coronary arteries become blocked by atheroma (plak who block coronary arterise which form by cholesterol, calcium and many more substance who be piles or stacks on coronary arteries). Besides of atheroma, coronary arteries are pressed also can happen by trombus (congeal blood(thrombosis cell) are causes wound on coronary arteries). Pressed Coronary arteries also caused by external factor.
The causes of pressed coronary arteries are:
1.Smoking. Because the flow of the chemical substance from cigarette at artery can make thrombosits become sticky and form clumps.
2.Consuming food which have high fat. Because fat can be cholesterol and cholesterol will be plak on coronary arteries.
Alcohol also influences heart disease. People who drinking too much alcohol have a greater risk of heart attack, because alcohol can raise blood pressure, and increasing of blood pressure makes heart work faster, not work as usually.
People who are not active also have a greater risk of heart attack than do people who exercise regularly. Reason, exercise regularly can helps to control cholesterol levels. Old people and man have a greater risk of heart than young people and women. But, young people and women also have a heart attack.
Some Risk Factors of Heart Disease
Heart disease also called Cardiovascular disease was the number one killer in US. About 2600 people in US die every day of this disease. According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease causes 12 million deaths in the world each year. It was a serious problem that we as a researcher have to solve together to reduce the death cases which cause of this disease.
After many studies involving thousands of patients, researchers have found certain factors that play an important role in a person's chances of developing heart disease, these are called risk factor. Risk factors are divided into two categories: major factor and contributing factor. Major risk factors are those that have been proven to increase your risk of heart disease. Contributing risk factors are those that doctors think can lead to an increased risk of heart disease, but their exact role has not been defined.
The Major risk factors are : High Blood Pressure (Hypertension), High blood Cholesterol, Diabetes, Obesity and Overweight, Smoking, Physical Inactivity, Gender, Heredity, and Age. High blood pressure can increase your risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. It’s also make your emotional unstabil. Too many Cholesterol in your blood could make a plaque on artery walls. If it was built in the coronary arteries that supply blood to your heart, you are at greater risk of having heart disease. The American Heart Association estimates that 65% of patients with diabetes die of some form of cardiovascular disease. Extra weight is thought to lead to increased total cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of coronary artery disease. Research has shown that smoking increases heart rate, tightens major arteries, and can create irregularities in the timing of heartbeats, all of which make your heart work harder. People who are not active have a greater risk of heart attack than do people who exercise regularly. Exercise burns calories, helps to control cholesterol levels and diabetes, and may lower blood pressure. According to some research, men have a higher risk of heart attack than women. Heart disease also tends to run in families, if your parents have a heart disease, you will probably have this disease too. Older age is a risk factor for heart disease. As we age, our hearts tend to not work as well.
The Contributing risk factors are : Stress and Alcohol. Researchers have identified several reasons why stress may affect the heart. Stressful situations raise your heart rate and blood pressure, increasing your heart's need for oxygen. Studies have shown that the risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol is lower than in nondrinkers.
After many studies involving thousands of patients, researchers have found certain factors that play an important role in a person's chances of developing heart disease, these are called risk factor. Risk factors are divided into two categories: major factor and contributing factor. Major risk factors are those that have been proven to increase your risk of heart disease. Contributing risk factors are those that doctors think can lead to an increased risk of heart disease, but their exact role has not been defined.
The Major risk factors are : High Blood Pressure (Hypertension), High blood Cholesterol, Diabetes, Obesity and Overweight, Smoking, Physical Inactivity, Gender, Heredity, and Age. High blood pressure can increase your risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. It’s also make your emotional unstabil. Too many Cholesterol in your blood could make a plaque on artery walls. If it was built in the coronary arteries that supply blood to your heart, you are at greater risk of having heart disease. The American Heart Association estimates that 65% of patients with diabetes die of some form of cardiovascular disease. Extra weight is thought to lead to increased total cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of coronary artery disease. Research has shown that smoking increases heart rate, tightens major arteries, and can create irregularities in the timing of heartbeats, all of which make your heart work harder. People who are not active have a greater risk of heart attack than do people who exercise regularly. Exercise burns calories, helps to control cholesterol levels and diabetes, and may lower blood pressure. According to some research, men have a higher risk of heart attack than women. Heart disease also tends to run in families, if your parents have a heart disease, you will probably have this disease too. Older age is a risk factor for heart disease. As we age, our hearts tend to not work as well.
The Contributing risk factors are : Stress and Alcohol. Researchers have identified several reasons why stress may affect the heart. Stressful situations raise your heart rate and blood pressure, increasing your heart's need for oxygen. Studies have shown that the risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol is lower than in nondrinkers.
Human being need science
Human need science. We can live in the world well by science. As human being, we need clothes, food, and residence. We get whole we need by science. For example; clothes are made from veil and veil are made from cotton. making clothes use machine. So many processes and utility making clothes. the processes and utility made by technology, technology is an applying of some theories by means science. So, human need science.
Nowadays, development of science directs to information technology and molecular biology. There are so many experiments are developing for better life. Such as “human genom project”. Scienties of Molecular biology sequenced the human genom and it has been done in purpose molecular diagnostic. In other way, development of telecommunication products become increased in order to people can communicate anywhere, anytime.
In my opinion, people who has statement “experiment is only spend the cost and time are not correct.
Evah Luviah (10604101)
the main factors causing heart disease in Western Countries
Heart disease is a number of abnormal conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels in the heart. One of the most common forms of heart disease is coronary artery disease or heart attack which is what happened when the coronary arteries or arterioles become blocked or broken, so that blood no longer reaches an area of heart muscle. It has a very high occurrence in Western countries such as America, with about 88.000 cases per year. There are certain factors causing the high number of heart disease cases in Western country. These factors are mainly related to human bad habit such as smoking, poor eating habits that leads to obesity, lack of physical activity, and stress.
About one third of the annual deaths from heart attack in America are due to smoking. The nicotine from cigarette could increase the heart rate and constrict the blood vessels, causing blood pressure to increase. Nicotine also stimulates the release of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, which can further raise blood pressure. In addition, nicotine increases the tendency of blood platelets to form clots that could plug an artery. High blood pressure and excessive clots are two highly related factors that can trigger a heart attack.
Almost all Western people have poor eating habit; they eat a lot of red meat but less vegetable. This habit could lead to obesity, a condition of someone being very fat in a way that is not healthy. When someone is obese, the level of cholesterol in their body is imbalance with its removing substance, so the excess builds up along the walls of blood vessels, contributing to deposits called plaques. Plaques cause the thickening of blood vessels walls as well as damaging it, activating the formation of blood clot which could block the blood flow in the coronary artery. As a result, the heart muscle will suffer from a lack of oxygen and nutrition which will cause heart attack.
Unfortunately, the poor eating habit of many western people is not balanced by adequate physical activity. When people do physical activity, they burn the calories derived from what they eat. The amount of calories burned is equivalent with the intensity of that activity. Thus, lack of physical activity that occurs among Western people made calories being deposited in their body in the form of fat instead of being burned, and when the number of fat is getting too much, they can plug the arteries and cause heart attack. That is why, the combinations of poor eating habits and lack in physical activity can be fatal for our heart.
Stress is a pressure or worry caused by the problems in someone’s life and is commonly found among people who live in a highly busy and demanding environment like in almost all Western countries. Stress could affect the health of our heart, even though it is not in a direct way. When people are under stress, they tend to do things that might help them cope with it. Regrettably, those things are usually activities that can trigger heart disease such as smoking, uncontrollable eating behavior, and the lack of motivation to even do a slight move of the body. Moreover, physiologically, when people are under stress, some of their organs or organ systems may not work properly, thus increasing the blood pressure which is a leading factor to a heart attack.
Almost all factors causing heart disease in Western countries comes from human bad habits. However, those bad habits are not impossible to control. If we quit or do less smoking, exercise regularly, eat fruits and vegetables as well as reduce the intake of saturated fats, and live a happy life, we could reduce the risk of heart attack.
About one third of the annual deaths from heart attack in America are due to smoking. The nicotine from cigarette could increase the heart rate and constrict the blood vessels, causing blood pressure to increase. Nicotine also stimulates the release of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, which can further raise blood pressure. In addition, nicotine increases the tendency of blood platelets to form clots that could plug an artery. High blood pressure and excessive clots are two highly related factors that can trigger a heart attack.
Almost all Western people have poor eating habit; they eat a lot of red meat but less vegetable. This habit could lead to obesity, a condition of someone being very fat in a way that is not healthy. When someone is obese, the level of cholesterol in their body is imbalance with its removing substance, so the excess builds up along the walls of blood vessels, contributing to deposits called plaques. Plaques cause the thickening of blood vessels walls as well as damaging it, activating the formation of blood clot which could block the blood flow in the coronary artery. As a result, the heart muscle will suffer from a lack of oxygen and nutrition which will cause heart attack.
Unfortunately, the poor eating habit of many western people is not balanced by adequate physical activity. When people do physical activity, they burn the calories derived from what they eat. The amount of calories burned is equivalent with the intensity of that activity. Thus, lack of physical activity that occurs among Western people made calories being deposited in their body in the form of fat instead of being burned, and when the number of fat is getting too much, they can plug the arteries and cause heart attack. That is why, the combinations of poor eating habits and lack in physical activity can be fatal for our heart.
Stress is a pressure or worry caused by the problems in someone’s life and is commonly found among people who live in a highly busy and demanding environment like in almost all Western countries. Stress could affect the health of our heart, even though it is not in a direct way. When people are under stress, they tend to do things that might help them cope with it. Regrettably, those things are usually activities that can trigger heart disease such as smoking, uncontrollable eating behavior, and the lack of motivation to even do a slight move of the body. Moreover, physiologically, when people are under stress, some of their organs or organ systems may not work properly, thus increasing the blood pressure which is a leading factor to a heart attack.
Almost all factors causing heart disease in Western countries comes from human bad habits. However, those bad habits are not impossible to control. If we quit or do less smoking, exercise regularly, eat fruits and vegetables as well as reduce the intake of saturated fats, and live a happy life, we could reduce the risk of heart attack.
Correlations between Western Lifestyle and Heart Disease
Heart disease is one of killing factors in the world. Basically, this caused by our daily activity that’s called lifestyle. Based on wrongdiagnosis.com data, heart diseases were attacking the Western populations with bigger victims than Eastern population. This has been placed in the number one killing factor in
Western Culture may help to explain Western populations risk about heart problems. The culture is about what their consumptions (diet) and daily activity (exercise). Based on their culture, western society is taking more cholesterol, nicotine, and alcohol in their consumptions. It becomes worst by lack of exercise and higher rate of stress. All of that factors are some of risk factors that scientist believe can cause heart disease. For example, Geographic pathology shows that adult populations with a high regular intake of milk (non-low fat), such as was customary in Scandinavia and in part of the Western world, have a higher risk of heart disease.
Heart disease is a phenomenon of a 'Western' lifestyle, associated with malnutrition, in the sense of poor dietary habits, lack of exercise and the use of drugs such as nicotine and alcohol. Western as a leader in modern lifestyle is likely hard to stop their unhealthy lifestyle. The shadow effect is like these data’s. Based on some researchers, fifty-six million American women have high cholesterol, 33% of women have high blood pressure, and 62% of women are overweight. According to national surveys of alcohol consumption in the prior 30 days, over half of
As we know, Western Society is a leader in heart disease prevention too. But, the fruits of their effort have risen yet. They will be never get it until they leaving their unhealthy lifestyle. Although they are developing some high technology to cure this, it’s become uses less.
Based on Western lifestyle has contributed to heart disease risk factor in the whole world, especially in eastern society which has acculturated with western culture.
Finally, Heart disease is a phenomenon of a 'Western' life style, associated with malnutrition, in the sense of poor dietary habits, lack of exercise and the use of drugs such as nicotine and alcohol consumption. So, making changes in our unhealthy lifestyle is a proven method for reducing our risk of developing heart disease. While there are no guarantees that a heart-healthy lifestyle will keep heart disease away, these changes will certainly improve our health in other ways, such as improving our physical and emotional well being. Also, because some risk factors are related to others, making changes in one area can benefit other areas. (<>.<>)
By Ibnu Purniawan (10205039)
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